| The criteria for building substations are determined by the use of indoor substations equipped with backup equipment and underground cabling. This is done to minimize service disruptions and address the drawbacks associated with outdoor substations. Disadvantage #1 – Outdoor substations are susceptible to dust, rain, storms, excessive heat, and theft, which can result in equipment failures and increased maintenance requirements. During periods of high winds, cyclones, and storms, the complete electrical distribution system, including poles and cables, can experience a collapse, resulting in a prolonged restoration process for the power supply. Disadvantage #2 – The indoor substations operate at significantly lower ambient temperatures, such as 28 degrees Celsius, even while the external temperature may exceed 40 degrees Celsius. Moreover, the underground (UG) cable used for electricity distribution is significantly more advanced compared to the overhead system. | 
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